
FWIW: My recent experiences with copying SSD's... I recently installed Ubuntu Mate from USB stick to a 120GB SSD. I then updated with all the latest patches. This took about 30 minutes. I then tailored my preferences of Firefox, Terminal, Pluma, etc. Created a Guest account. Installed the NZ dictionary, and added some applications. This took me another 30 minutes. I then needed to do this to 5 more computers. So, to prepare six computers would have taken me a total of about 6 hours. I considered using the utility "dd" to copy a clone of my master disk. Looking through stackoverflow<https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/144172/full-dd-copy-from-hdd-to-hdd> I found the suggestion to use "cat". I.e. Boot Ubuntu from a USB stick and assuming sda is my master disk and sdb is the clone, then issue the command... $ sudo sh -c 'cat /dev/sda >/dev/sdb' I found this copying took about 15 minutes. However, it didn't give me any progress report during the copying sequence. I then... $ sudo apt install pv ...pv stands for "Pipe Viewer". For the next SSD drive to be cloned I issued the command... $ sudo sh -c 'pv /dev/sda >/dev/sdb' ...which then provided a progress bar that updated every second. With Samsung SSD 120GB drives I found the operation took 13 minutes 13 seconds with a transfer rate of 153MB/s. I later had built another master SSD on a Kingston 120GB SSD and cloned this to another Kingston 120GB SSD which took 10 minutes and had a transfer rate of 200MB/s. I found with the system still powered on, I could unplug the cloned SSD and plug in another blank SSD and start another cloning. Probably not a recommended practice. After booting the clone, I edited /etc/hostname to make each clone unique. Maybe there's something else I should change??? In summary, allowing for a bit of time to physically move the SSD's between machines, I was effectively completing the installation/updating/tailoring at a rate of three PC's an hour. I dunno if this was the right way or the best way, but, so far, the masters and all the clones seem to be working OK. cheers, Ian.

On Sat, 30 Jan 2021 09:39:17 +0000, Ian Stewart wrote:
I considered using the utility "dd" to copy a clone of my master disk.
I would have just used rsync. Though of course you would then have needed to fix up /etc/fstab and the bootloader installation afterwards. But I just find this the most flexible approach.
After booting the clone, I edited /etc/hostname to make each clone unique. Maybe there's something else I should change???
The SSH host keys should probably also be unique.
participants (2)
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Ian Stewart
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Lawrence D'Oliveiro