What’s notable about this report <https://arstechnica.com/security/2017/06/latest-high-severity-flaw-in-windows-defender-highlights-the-dark-side-of-av/> on a vulnerability in Windows Defender is that the testing that uncovered the problem was done, not on Windows, but on Linux. The researcher, Tavis Ormandy, developed a framework <https://github.com/taviso/loadlibrary> for loading Windows DLLs (Dynamically-Loadable Libraries) under Linux so that he could take advantage of the superior tools available there.